Merge branch 'billboard-shadows'

24 files changed, 455 insertions, 42 deletions

diff --git a/gfx/followCameraController.cpp b/gfx/followCameraController.cpp
index 52dfb35..cf6da34 100644
--- a/gfx/followCameraController.cpp
+++ b/gfx/followCameraController.cpp
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ FollowCameraController::updateCamera(Camera * camera) const
 			break;
 
 		case Mode::Ride:
-			camera->setView(pos + (up * 4.8F), -sincosf(rot.y) || 0.F);
+			camera->setView(pos + (up * 4.8F), -sincos(rot.y) || 0.F);
 			break;
 
 		case Mode::ISO:
diff --git a/gfx/gl/program.h b/gfx/gl/program.h
index c89a128..20be1aa 100644
--- a/gfx/gl/program.h
+++ b/gfx/gl/program.h
@@ -33,6 +33,12 @@ public:
 			return location;
 		}
 
+		explicit
+		operator bool() const
+		{
+			return location >= 0;
+		}
+
 	protected:
 		GLint location;
 	};
diff --git a/gfx/gl/sceneProvider.cpp b/gfx/gl/sceneProvider.cpp
index 2e8604c..4e271db 100644
--- a/gfx/gl/sceneProvider.cpp
+++ b/gfx/gl/sceneProvider.cpp
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ void
 SceneProvider::environment(const SceneShader &, const SceneRenderer & renderer) const
 {
 	renderer.setAmbientLight({0.5F, 0.5F, 0.5F});
-	renderer.setDirectionalLight({0.6F, 0.6F, 0.6F}, {-1, 1, -1}, *this);
+	renderer.setDirectionalLight({0.6F, 0.6F, 0.6F}, {{-quarter_pi, -quarter_pi}}, *this);
 }
 
 void
diff --git a/gfx/gl/sceneRenderer.cpp b/gfx/gl/sceneRenderer.cpp
index e0938f2..b2a7d78 100644
--- a/gfx/gl/sceneRenderer.cpp
+++ b/gfx/gl/sceneRenderer.cpp
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ SceneRenderer::render(const SceneProvider & scene) const
 	shader.setViewProjection(camera.getPosition(), camera.getViewProjection());
 	glViewport(0, 0, size.x, size.y);
 
-	// Geometry pass
+	// Geometry/colour pass - writes albedo, normal and position textures
 	glBindFramebuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, gBuffer);
 	glEnable(GL_BLEND);
 	glEnable(GL_CULL_FACE);
@@ -73,7 +73,13 @@ SceneRenderer::render(const SceneProvider & scene) const
 	glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
 	scene.content(shader);
 
-	// Illumination pass
+	// Environment pass -
+	// * ambient - clears illumination texture - see setAmbientLight
+	// * directional - updates shadowMapper, reads normal and position, writes illumination - see setDirectionalLight
+	scene.environment(shader, *this);
+
+	// Scene lights pass -
+	// * per light - reads normal and position, writes illumination
 	glBindFramebuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, gBufferIll);
 	glBlendFunc(GL_ONE, GL_ONE);
 	glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE0);
@@ -82,11 +88,10 @@ SceneRenderer::render(const SceneProvider & scene) const
 	glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, gNormal);
 	glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE2);
 	glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D_ARRAY, shadowMapper);
-	scene.environment(shader, *this);
 	glDisable(GL_DEPTH_TEST);
 	scene.lights(shader);
 
-	// Lighting pass
+	// Composition pass - reads albedo and illumination, writes output
 	glBindFramebuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, output);
 	glViewport(0, 0, size.x, size.y);
 	glCullFace(GL_BACK);
@@ -109,14 +114,22 @@ SceneRenderer::setAmbientLight(const RGB & colour) const
 }
 
 void
-SceneRenderer::setDirectionalLight(const RGB & colour, const Direction3D & direction, const SceneProvider & scene) const
+SceneRenderer::setDirectionalLight(
+		const RGB & colour, const LightDirection & direction, const SceneProvider & scene) const
 {
 	if (colour.r > 0 || colour.g > 0 || colour.b > 0) {
 		const auto lvp = shadowMapper.update(scene, direction, camera);
 		glBindFramebuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, gBufferIll);
+		glBlendFunc(GL_ONE, GL_ONE);
+		glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE0);
+		glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, gPosition);
+		glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE1);
+		glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, gNormal);
+		glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE2);
+		glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D_ARRAY, shadowMapper);
 		glViewport(0, 0, size.x, size.y);
 		dirLight.use();
-		dirLight.setDirectionalLight(colour, direction, camera.getPosition(), lvp);
+		dirLight.setDirectionalLight(colour, direction.vector(), camera.getPosition(), lvp);
 		renderQuad();
 	}
 }
@@ -142,8 +155,7 @@ SceneRenderer::DirectionalLightProgram::setDirectionalLight(
 		return toTextureSpaceMat * m;
 	};
 	glUniform(colourLoc, c);
-	const auto nd = glm::normalize(d);
-	glUniform(directionLoc, nd);
+	glUniform(directionLoc, d);
 	glUniform(lightPointLoc, p);
 	glUniform(lightViewProjectionCountLoc, static_cast<GLuint>(lvp.size()));
 	glUniform(lightViewProjectionLoc, std::span<const glm::mat4> {lvp * toTextureSpace});
diff --git a/gfx/gl/sceneRenderer.h b/gfx/gl/sceneRenderer.h
index 4195bcf..93470f5 100644
--- a/gfx/gl/sceneRenderer.h
+++ b/gfx/gl/sceneRenderer.h
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #pragma once
 
 #include "camera.h"
+#include "gfx/lightDirection.h"
 #include "glArrays.h"
 #include "program.h"
 #include "sceneProvider.h"
@@ -14,7 +15,7 @@ public:
 
 	void render(const SceneProvider &) const;
 	void setAmbientLight(const RGB & colour) const;
-	void setDirectionalLight(const RGB & colour, const Direction3D & direction, const SceneProvider &) const;
+	void setDirectionalLight(const RGB & colour, const LightDirection & direction, const SceneProvider &) const;
 
 	Camera camera;
 
diff --git a/gfx/gl/sceneShader.cpp b/gfx/gl/sceneShader.cpp
index 4cbccb3..571538a 100644
--- a/gfx/gl/sceneShader.cpp
+++ b/gfx/gl/sceneShader.cpp
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ SceneShader::SceneProgram::setViewProjection(const GlobalPosition3D & viewPoint,
 void
 SceneShader::SceneProgram::setViewPort(const ViewPort & viewPort) const
 {
-	if (viewPortLoc >= 0) {
+	if (viewPortLoc) {
 		glUseProgram(*this);
 		glUniform(viewPortLoc, viewPort);
 	}
diff --git a/gfx/gl/shaders/shadowDynamicPointStencil.fs b/gfx/gl/shaders/shadowDynamicPointStencil.fs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fe91b07
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gfx/gl/shaders/shadowDynamicPointStencil.fs
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+#version 330 core
+#extension GL_ARB_shading_language_420pack : enable
+
+layout(binding = 0) uniform sampler2DArray stencilDepth;
+flat in vec3 scale;
+in vec3 texCoord;
+
+void
+main()
+{
+	float stDepth = texture(stencilDepth, texCoord).r;
+	if (stDepth >= 1) {
+		discard;
+	}
+	gl_FragDepth = gl_FragCoord.z + ((stDepth - 0.5) * scale.z);
+}
diff --git a/gfx/gl/shaders/shadowDynamicPointStencil.gs b/gfx/gl/shaders/shadowDynamicPointStencil.gs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7e81d97
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gfx/gl/shaders/shadowDynamicPointStencil.gs
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+#version 330 core
+#extension GL_ARB_viewport_array : enable
+
+const vec2[] corners = vec2[4](vec2(-1, -1), vec2(-1, 1), vec2(1, -1), vec2(1, 1));
+const float tau = 6.28318531;
+
+uniform mat4 viewProjection[4];
+uniform int viewProjections;
+uniform vec3 sizes[4];
+uniform float size;
+
+in float vmodelYaw[];
+in ivec3 vworldPos[];
+
+flat out vec3 scale;
+out vec3 texCoord;
+
+layout(points) in;
+layout(triangle_strip, max_vertices = 16) out;
+
+void
+main()
+{
+	int viewAngle = int(round(4.0 + (vmodelYaw[0] / tau))) % 8;
+	for (gl_Layer = 0; gl_Layer < viewProjections; ++gl_Layer) {
+		scale = 2.0 * size / sizes[gl_Layer];
+		vec4 pos = viewProjection[gl_Layer] * vec4(vworldPos[0], 1);
+		for (int c = 0; c < corners.length(); ++c) {
+			gl_Position = pos + vec4(scale.xy * corners[c], 0, 0);
+			gl_Position.z = max(gl_Position.z, -1);
+			texCoord = vec3((corners[c] * 0.5) + 0.5, viewAngle);
+			EmitVertex();
+		}
+		EndPrimitive();
+	}
+}
diff --git a/gfx/gl/shaders/shadowDynamicPointStencil.vs b/gfx/gl/shaders/shadowDynamicPointStencil.vs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0dd2d79
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gfx/gl/shaders/shadowDynamicPointStencil.vs
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+#version 330 core
+#extension GL_ARB_shading_language_420pack : enable
+
+layout(location = 0) in ivec3 worldPos;
+layout(location = 1) in float modelYaw;
+uniform ivec3 viewPoint;
+uniform vec3 centre;
+
+out float vmodelYaw;
+out ivec3 vworldPos;
+
+void
+main()
+{
+	vmodelYaw = modelYaw;
+	vworldPos = worldPos - viewPoint + ivec3(centre);
+}
diff --git a/gfx/gl/shaders/shadowStencil.fs b/gfx/gl/shaders/shadowStencil.fs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1164cc9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gfx/gl/shaders/shadowStencil.fs
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+#version 330 core
+#extension GL_ARB_shading_language_420pack : enable
+
+layout(binding = 0) uniform sampler2D textureAlbedo;
+
+include(`materialDetail.glsl')
+include(`materialCommon.glsl')
+in vec2 gTexCoords;
+flat in MaterialDetail gMaterial;
+
+void
+main()
+{
+	if (getTextureColour(gMaterial, gTexCoords).a < 0.5) {
+		discard;
+	}
+	gl_FragDepth = gl_FragCoord.z;
+}
diff --git a/gfx/gl/shaders/shadowStencil.gs b/gfx/gl/shaders/shadowStencil.gs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2c3f9bd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gfx/gl/shaders/shadowStencil.gs
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+#version 330 core
+#extension GL_ARB_viewport_array : enable
+
+include(`materialDetail.glsl')
+
+layout(triangles) in;
+layout(triangle_strip, max_vertices = 24) out;
+
+uniform mat4 viewProjection[8];
+in vec3 FragPos[];
+in vec2 TexCoords[];
+flat in MaterialDetail Material[];
+out vec2 gTexCoords;
+flat out MaterialDetail gMaterial;
+
+void
+main()
+{
+	for (gl_Layer = 0; gl_Layer < viewProjection.length(); ++gl_Layer) {
+		for (int v = 0; v < FragPos.length(); ++v) {
+			gl_Position = viewProjection[gl_Layer] * vec4(FragPos[v], 1);
+			gTexCoords = TexCoords[v];
+			gMaterial = Material[v];
+			EmitVertex();
+		}
+		EndPrimitive();
+	}
+}
diff --git a/gfx/gl/shaders/shadowStencil.vs b/gfx/gl/shaders/shadowStencil.vs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a15c4fb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gfx/gl/shaders/shadowStencil.vs
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+#version 330 core
+#extension GL_ARB_shading_language_420pack : enable
+
+layout(binding = 1) uniform usampler2DRect materialData;
+
+include(`meshIn.glsl')
+include(`materialDetail.glsl')
+include(`getMaterialDetail.glsl')
+
+out vec3 FragPos;
+out vec2 TexCoords;
+flat out MaterialDetail Material;
+
+void
+main()
+{
+	TexCoords = texCoord;
+	Material = getMaterialDetail(material);
+	FragPos = position;
+}
diff --git a/gfx/gl/shadowMapper.cpp b/gfx/gl/shadowMapper.cpp
index a846a3d..1b95aa3 100644
--- a/gfx/gl/shadowMapper.cpp
+++ b/gfx/gl/shadowMapper.cpp
@@ -1,13 +1,20 @@
 #include "shadowMapper.h"
 #include "camera.h"
 #include "collections.h"
+#include "game/gamestate.h"
 #include "gfx/gl/shaders/fs-shadowDynamicPointInstWithTextures.h"
+#include "gfx/gl/shaders/fs-shadowDynamicPointStencil.h"
 #include "gfx/gl/shaders/gs-commonShadowPoint.h"
 #include "gfx/gl/shaders/gs-shadowDynamicPointInstWithTextures.h"
+#include "gfx/gl/shaders/gs-shadowDynamicPointStencil.h"
 #include "gfx/gl/shaders/vs-shadowDynamicPoint.h"
 #include "gfx/gl/shaders/vs-shadowDynamicPointInst.h"
 #include "gfx/gl/shaders/vs-shadowDynamicPointInstWithTextures.h"
+#include "gfx/gl/shaders/vs-shadowDynamicPointStencil.h"
 #include "gfx/gl/shaders/vs-shadowLandmass.h"
+#include "gfx/gl/shadowStenciller.h"
+#include "gfx/lightDirection.h"
+#include "gfx/renderable.h"
 #include "gl_traits.h"
 #include "location.h"
 #include "maths.h"
@@ -45,13 +52,15 @@ ShadowMapper::ShadowMapper(const TextureAbsCoord & s) :
 	glBindFramebuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, 0);
 }
 
-constexpr std::array<GlobalDistance, ShadowMapper::SHADOW_BANDS + 1> shadowBands {
-		1000,
-		250000,
-		750000,
-		2500000,
-		10000000,
-};
+constexpr auto shadowBands
+		= []<GlobalDistance... ints>(const float scaleFactor, std::integer_sequence<GlobalDistance, ints...>) {
+			  const auto base = 10'000'000 / pow(scaleFactor, sizeof...(ints) - 1);
+			  return std::array {1, static_cast<GlobalDistance>((base * pow(scaleFactor, ints)))...};
+		  }(6.6F, std::make_integer_sequence<GlobalDistance, ShadowMapper::SHADOW_BANDS>());
+
+static_assert(shadowBands.front() == 1);
+static_assert(shadowBands.back() == 10'000'000);
+static_assert(shadowBands.size() == ShadowMapper::SHADOW_BANDS + 1);
 
 std::vector<std::array<RelativePosition3D, 4>>
 ShadowMapper::getBandViewExtents(const Camera & camera, const glm::mat4 & lightViewDir)
@@ -72,34 +81,49 @@ ShadowMapper::getBandViewExtents(const Camera & camera, const glm::mat4 & lightV
 }
 
 ShadowMapper::Definitions
-ShadowMapper::update(const SceneProvider & scene, const Direction3D & dir, const Camera & camera) const
+ShadowMapper::update(const SceneProvider & scene, const LightDirection & dir, const Camera & camera) const
 {
+	glCullFace(GL_FRONT);
+	glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST);
+
+	shadowStenciller.setLightDirection(dir);
+	for (const auto & [id, asset] : gameState->assets) {
+		if (const auto r = std::dynamic_pointer_cast<const Renderable>(asset)) {
+			r->updateStencil(shadowStenciller);
+		}
+	}
+
 	glBindFramebuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, depthMapFBO);
 	glClear(GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
-	glCullFace(GL_FRONT);
 	glViewport(0, 0, size.x, size.y);
 
-	const auto lightViewDir = glm::lookAt({}, dir, up);
+	const auto lightViewDir = glm::lookAt({}, dir.vector(), up);
 	const auto lightViewPoint = camera.getPosition();
 	const auto bandViewExtents = getBandViewExtents(camera, lightViewDir);
 	Definitions out;
+	Sizes sizes;
 	std::transform(bandViewExtents.begin(), std::prev(bandViewExtents.end()), std::next(bandViewExtents.begin()),
 			std::back_inserter(out),
-			[bands = bandViewExtents.size() - 2, &lightViewDir](const auto & near, const auto & far) mutable {
-				const auto extents_minmax = [extents = std::span {near.begin(), far.end()}](auto && comp) {
-					const auto mm = std::minmax_element(extents.begin(), extents.end(), comp);
-					return std::make_pair(comp.get(*mm.first), comp.get(*mm.second));
-				};
+			[bands = bandViewExtents.size() - 2, &lightViewDir, &sizes](const auto & near, const auto & far) mutable {
+				const auto extents_minmax
+						= [extents = std::span {near.begin(), far.end()}](auto && comp, RelativeDistance extra) {
+							  const auto mm = std::minmax_element(extents.begin(), extents.end(), comp);
+							  return std::make_pair(comp.get(*mm.first) - extra, comp.get(*mm.second) + extra);
+						  };
+				const std::array extents = {extents_minmax(CompareBy {0}, 0), extents_minmax(CompareBy {1}, 0),
+						extents_minmax(CompareBy {2}, 10'000)};
 
 				const auto lightProjection = [](const auto & x, const auto & y, const auto & z) {
 					return glm::ortho(x.first, x.second, y.first, y.second, -z.second, -z.first);
-				}(extents_minmax(CompareBy {0}), extents_minmax(CompareBy {1}), extents_minmax(CompareBy {2}));
+				}(extents[0], extents[1], extents[2]);
 
+				sizes.emplace_back(extents[0].second - extents[0].first, extents[1].second - extents[1].first,
+						extents[2].second - extents[2].first);
 				return lightProjection * lightViewDir;
 			});
 	for (const auto p : std::initializer_list<const ShadowProgram *> {
-				 &landmess, &dynamicPoint, &dynamicPointInst, &dynamicPointInstWithTextures}) {
-		p->setView(out, lightViewPoint);
+				 &landmess, &dynamicPoint, &dynamicPointInst, &dynamicPointInstWithTextures, &stencilShadowProgram}) {
+		p->setView(out, sizes, lightViewPoint);
 	}
 	scene.shadows(*this);
 
@@ -116,12 +140,15 @@ ShadowMapper::ShadowProgram::ShadowProgram(const Shader & vs, const Shader & gs,
 }
 
 void
-ShadowMapper::ShadowProgram::setView(
-		const std::span<const glm::mat4> viewProjection, const GlobalPosition3D viewPoint) const
+ShadowMapper::ShadowProgram::setView(const std::span<const glm::mat4x4> viewProjection,
+		const std::span<const RelativePosition3D> sizes, const GlobalPosition3D viewPoint) const
 {
 	use();
 	glUniform(viewPointLoc, viewPoint);
 	glUniform(viewProjectionLoc, viewProjection);
+	if (sizesLoc) {
+		glUniform(sizesLoc, sizes);
+	}
 	glUniform(viewProjectionsLoc, static_cast<GLint>(viewProjection.size()));
 }
 
@@ -146,3 +173,16 @@ ShadowMapper::DynamicPoint::setModel(const Location & location) const
 	glUniform(modelLoc, location.getRotationTransform());
 	glUniform(modelPosLoc, location.pos);
 }
+
+ShadowMapper::StencilShadowProgram::StencilShadowProgram() :
+	ShadowProgram {shadowDynamicPointStencil_vs, shadowDynamicPointStencil_gs, shadowDynamicPointStencil_fs}
+{
+}
+
+void
+ShadowMapper::StencilShadowProgram::use(const RelativePosition3D & centre, const float size) const
+{
+	Program::use();
+	glUniform(centreLoc, centre);
+	glUniform(sizeLoc, size);
+}
diff --git a/gfx/gl/shadowMapper.h b/gfx/gl/shadowMapper.h
index 73dadd0..951e29c 100644
--- a/gfx/gl/shadowMapper.h
+++ b/gfx/gl/shadowMapper.h
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #pragma once
 
 #include "config/types.h"
+#include "gfx/gl/shadowStenciller.h"
 #include "lib/glArrays.h"
 #include "program.h"
 #include <gfx/models/texture.h>
@@ -10,6 +11,7 @@
 
 class SceneProvider;
 class Camera;
+class LightDirection;
 
 class ShadowMapper {
 public:
@@ -18,20 +20,23 @@ public:
 	static constexpr std::size_t SHADOW_BANDS {4};
 
 	using Definitions = std::vector<glm::mat4x4>;
+	using Sizes = std::vector<RelativePosition3D>;
 
-	[[nodiscard]] Definitions update(const SceneProvider &, const Direction3D & direction, const Camera &) const;
+	[[nodiscard]] Definitions update(const SceneProvider &, const LightDirection & direction, const Camera &) const;
 
 	class ShadowProgram : public Program {
 	public:
 		explicit ShadowProgram(const Shader & vs);
 		explicit ShadowProgram(const Shader & vs, const Shader & gs, const Shader & fs);
 
-		void setView(const std::span<const glm::mat4>, const GlobalPosition3D) const;
+		void setView(const std::span<const glm::mat4x4>, const std::span<const RelativePosition3D>,
+				const GlobalPosition3D) const;
 		void use() const;
 
 	private:
 		RequiredUniformLocation viewProjectionLoc {*this, "viewProjection"};
 		RequiredUniformLocation viewProjectionsLoc {*this, "viewProjections"};
+		UniformLocation sizesLoc {*this, "sizes"};
 		RequiredUniformLocation viewPointLoc {*this, "viewPoint"};
 	};
 
@@ -46,8 +51,19 @@ public:
 		RequiredUniformLocation modelPosLoc {*this, "modelPos"};
 	};
 
+	class StencilShadowProgram : public ShadowProgram {
+	public:
+		StencilShadowProgram();
+		void use(const RelativePosition3D & centre, const float size) const;
+
+	private:
+		RequiredUniformLocation centreLoc {*this, "centre"};
+		RequiredUniformLocation sizeLoc {*this, "size"};
+	};
+
 	ShadowProgram landmess, dynamicPointInst, dynamicPointInstWithTextures;
 	DynamicPoint dynamicPoint;
+	StencilShadowProgram stencilShadowProgram;
 
 	// NOLINTNEXTLINE(hicpp-explicit-conversions)
 	operator GLuint() const
@@ -61,4 +77,5 @@ private:
 	glFrameBuffer depthMapFBO;
 	glTexture depthMap;
 	TextureAbsCoord size;
+	mutable ShadowStenciller shadowStenciller;
 };
diff --git a/gfx/gl/shadowStenciller.cpp b/gfx/gl/shadowStenciller.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..86b77e4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gfx/gl/shadowStenciller.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+#include "shadowStenciller.h"
+#include "gfx/gl/program.h"
+#include "gfx/gl/shaders/fs-shadowStencil.h"
+#include "gfx/gl/shaders/gs-shadowStencil.h"
+#include "gfx/gl/shaders/vs-shadowStencil.h"
+#include "gfx/lightDirection.h"
+#include "gfx/models/mesh.h"
+#include "glArrays.h"
+#include "gl_traits.h"
+#include "maths.h"
+#include <stdexcept>
+
+ShadowStenciller::ShadowStenciller() :
+	shadowCaster {shadowStencil_vs, shadowStencil_gs, shadowStencil_fs}, viewProjections {}
+{
+	glBindFramebuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, fbo);
+	glDrawBuffer(GL_NONE);
+	glReadBuffer(GL_NONE);
+	glBindFramebuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, 0);
+}
+
+void
+ShadowStenciller::setLightDirection(const LightDirection & lightDir)
+{
+	viewProjections = [&lightDir]<GLint... Ep>(std::integer_sequence<GLint, Ep...>) {
+		constexpr float STEP = two_pi / STENCIL_ANGLES<decltype(two_pi)>;
+		return std::array {rotate_pitch<4>(half_pi - lightDir.position().y)
+				* rotate_yaw<4>((Ep * STEP) - lightDir.position().x)...};
+	}(std::make_integer_sequence<GLint, STENCIL_ANGLES<GLint>>());
+}
+
+glTexture
+ShadowStenciller::createStencilTexture(GLsizei width, GLsizei height)
+{
+	glTexture stencil;
+	glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D_ARRAY, stencil);
+	glPixelStorei(GL_UNPACK_ALIGNMENT, 1);
+
+	glTexParameter(GL_TEXTURE_2D_ARRAY, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
+	glTexParameter(GL_TEXTURE_2D_ARRAY, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
+	glTexParameter(GL_TEXTURE_2D_ARRAY, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
+	glTexParameter(GL_TEXTURE_2D_ARRAY, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
+
+	glTexImage3D(GL_TEXTURE_2D_ARRAY, 0, GL_DEPTH_COMPONENT, width, height, STENCIL_ANGLES<GLint>, 0,
+			GL_DEPTH_COMPONENT, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, nullptr);
+
+	return stencil;
+}
+
+void
+ShadowStenciller::renderStencil(const glTexture & stencil, const MeshBase & mesh, const Texture::AnyPtr texture) const
+{
+	glBindFramebuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, fbo);
+	glFramebufferTexture(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, GL_DEPTH_ATTACHMENT, stencil, 0);
+	if (glCheckFramebufferStatus(GL_FRAMEBUFFER) != GL_FRAMEBUFFER_COMPLETE) {
+		throw std::runtime_error("Stencil framebuffer not complete!");
+	}
+	if (texture) {
+		texture->bind();
+	}
+	glUseProgram(shadowCaster);
+	glClear(GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
+	const auto stencilSize = Texture::getSize(stencil);
+	glViewport(0, 0, stencilSize.x, stencilSize.y);
+	const auto & centre = mesh.getDimensions().centre;
+	const auto & size = mesh.getDimensions().size;
+	glUniform(viewProjectionLoc,
+			std::span<const glm::mat4> {viewProjections *
+					[extentsMat = glm::translate(glm::ortho(-size, size, -size, size, -size, size), -centre)](
+							const auto & viewProjection) {
+						return viewProjection * extentsMat;
+					}});
+	mesh.Draw();
+}
diff --git a/gfx/gl/shadowStenciller.h b/gfx/gl/shadowStenciller.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f774ac7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gfx/gl/shadowStenciller.h
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "gfx/gl/program.h"
+#include "gfx/models/mesh.h"
+#include "gfx/models/texture.h"
+#include "glArrays.h"
+
+class LightDirection;
+
+class ShadowStenciller {
+public:
+	template<typename T> static constexpr T STENCIL_ANGLES = 8;
+
+	ShadowStenciller();
+
+	[[nodiscard]]
+	static glTexture createStencilTexture(GLsizei width, GLsizei height);
+	void setLightDirection(const LightDirection & lightDir);
+	void renderStencil(const glTexture &, const MeshBase &, Texture::AnyPtr texture) const;
+
+private:
+	glFrameBuffer fbo;
+	Program shadowCaster;
+	Program::RequiredUniformLocation viewProjectionLoc {shadowCaster, "viewProjection"};
+
+	std::array<glm::mat4, STENCIL_ANGLES<size_t>> viewProjections;
+};
diff --git a/gfx/lightDirection.cpp b/gfx/lightDirection.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6d7d1ea
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gfx/lightDirection.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+#include "lightDirection.h"
+#include "maths.h"
+
+LightDirection::LightDirection(const Direction2D sunPos) :
+	pos {sunPos}, vec {glm::mat3 {rotate_yp(pi + sunPos.x, -sunPos.y)} * north},
+	vert {-glm::clamp(-1.F, 0.F, vec.z - 0.1F)}
+{
+}
diff --git a/gfx/lightDirection.h b/gfx/lightDirection.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f1e1cc4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gfx/lightDirection.h
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "config/types.h"
+
+class LightDirection {
+public:
+	// NOLINTNEXTLINE(hicpp-explicit-conversions) deliberately a helper
+	LightDirection(Direction2D sunPos);
+
+	[[nodiscard]] Direction2D
+	position() const noexcept
+	{
+		return pos;
+	}
+
+	[[nodiscard]] Direction3D
+	vector() const noexcept
+	{
+		return vec;
+	}
+
+	[[nodiscard]] float
+	vertical() const noexcept
+	{
+		return vert;
+	}
+
+private:
+	Direction2D pos;
+	Direction3D vec;
+	float vert;
+};
diff --git a/gfx/models/mesh.cpp b/gfx/models/mesh.cpp
index e7474ca..2eae160 100644
--- a/gfx/models/mesh.cpp
+++ b/gfx/models/mesh.cpp
@@ -1,6 +1,32 @@
 #include "mesh.h"
 
-MeshBase::MeshBase(GLsizei m_numIndices, GLenum mode) : m_numIndices {m_numIndices}, mode {mode} { }
+MeshBase::MeshBase(GLsizei m_numIndices, GLenum mode, const std::vector<RelativePosition3D> & positions) :
+	m_numIndices {m_numIndices}, mode {mode}, dimensions {positions}
+{
+}
+
+MeshBase::Dimensions::Dimensions(const std::span<const RelativePosition3D> positions) :
+	Dimensions {positions, {extents(positions, 0), extents(positions, 1), extents(positions, 2)}}
+{
+}
+
+MeshBase::Dimensions::Dimensions(
+		const std::span<const RelativePosition3D> positions, const std::array<Extents1D, 3> & extents1ds) :
+	minExtent(extents1ds[0].min, extents1ds[1].min, extents1ds[2].min),
+	maxExtent(extents1ds[0].max, extents1ds[1].max, extents1ds[2].max), centre {(minExtent + maxExtent) / 2.0F},
+	size {std::ranges::max(positions | std::views::transform([this](const auto & v) {
+		return glm::distance(v, centre);
+	}))}
+{
+}
+
+MeshBase::Dimensions::Extents1D
+MeshBase::Dimensions::extents(const std::span<const RelativePosition3D> positions, glm::length_t D)
+{
+	return std::ranges::minmax(positions | std::views::transform([D](const auto & v) {
+		return v[D];
+	}));
+}
 
 void
 MeshBase::Draw() const
diff --git a/gfx/models/mesh.h b/gfx/models/mesh.h
index 248cb8f..8791aed 100644
--- a/gfx/models/mesh.h
+++ b/gfx/models/mesh.h
@@ -1,8 +1,10 @@
 #pragma once
 
+#include "config/types.h"
 #include "gfx/gl/vertexArrayObject.h"
 #include <glArrays.h>
 #include <glad/gl.h>
+#include <ranges>
 #include <span>
 #include <stdTypeDefs.h>
 
@@ -10,22 +12,46 @@ class Vertex;
 
 class MeshBase {
 public:
+	class Dimensions {
+	public:
+		using Extents1D = std::ranges::minmax_result<RelativeDistance>;
+		explicit Dimensions(const std::span<const RelativePosition3D>);
+
+		RelativePosition3D minExtent, maxExtent;
+		RelativePosition3D centre;
+		RelativeDistance size;
+
+	private:
+		Dimensions(const std::span<const RelativePosition3D>, const std::array<Extents1D, 3> &);
+		static Extents1D extents(const std::span<const RelativePosition3D>, glm::length_t D);
+	};
+
 	void Draw() const;
 	void DrawInstanced(GLuint vao, GLsizei count, GLuint base = 0) const;
 
+	[[nodiscard]] const Dimensions &
+	getDimensions() const
+	{
+		return dimensions;
+	}
+
 protected:
-	MeshBase(GLsizei m_numIndices, GLenum mode);
+	MeshBase(GLsizei m_numIndices, GLenum mode, const std::vector<RelativePosition3D> &);
 
 	glVertexArray m_vertexArrayObject;
 	glBuffers<2> m_vertexArrayBuffers;
 	GLsizei m_numIndices;
 	GLenum mode;
+	Dimensions dimensions;
 };
 
 template<typename V> class MeshT : public MeshBase, public ConstTypeDefs<MeshT<V>> {
 public:
 	MeshT(const std::span<const V> vertices, const std::span<const unsigned int> indices, GLenum mode = GL_TRIANGLES) :
-		MeshBase {static_cast<GLsizei>(indices.size()), mode}
+		MeshBase {static_cast<GLsizei>(indices.size()), mode,
+				materializeRange(vertices | std::views::transform([](const auto & v) {
+					return static_cast<RelativePosition3D>(v.pos);
+				}))}
 	{
 		VertexArrayObject::data(vertices, m_vertexArrayBuffers[0], GL_ARRAY_BUFFER);
 		VertexArrayObject::data(indices, m_vertexArrayBuffers[1], GL_ARRAY_BUFFER);
diff --git a/gfx/models/texture.cpp b/gfx/models/texture.cpp
index 51223aa..a508421 100644
--- a/gfx/models/texture.cpp
+++ b/gfx/models/texture.cpp
@@ -59,12 +59,13 @@ Texture::bind(GLenum unit) const
 	glBindTexture(type, m_texture);
 }
 
-TextureAbsCoord
+TextureDimensions
 Texture::getSize(const glTexture & texture)
 {
-	TextureAbsCoord size;
+	TextureDimensions size {};
 	glGetTextureLevelParameteriv(texture, 0, GL_TEXTURE_WIDTH, &size.x);
 	glGetTextureLevelParameteriv(texture, 0, GL_TEXTURE_HEIGHT, &size.y);
+	glGetTextureLevelParameteriv(texture, 0, GL_TEXTURE_DEPTH, &size.z);
 	return size;
 }
 
@@ -73,7 +74,7 @@ Texture::save(
 		const glTexture & texture, GLenum format, GLenum type, uint8_t channels, const char * path, uint8_t tgaFormat)
 {
 	const auto size = getSize(texture);
-	const size_t dataSize = (static_cast<size_t>(size.x * size.y * channels));
+	const size_t dataSize = (static_cast<size_t>(size.x * size.y * size.z * channels));
 	const size_t fileSize = dataSize + sizeof(TGAHead);
 
 	filesystem::fh out {path, O_RDWR | O_CREAT, 0660};
@@ -81,7 +82,7 @@ Texture::save(
 	auto tga = out.mmap(fileSize, 0, PROT_WRITE, MAP_SHARED);
 	*tga.get<TGAHead>() = {
 			.format = tgaFormat,
-			.size = size,
+			.size = {size.x, size.y * size.z},
 			.pixelDepth = static_cast<uint8_t>(8 * channels),
 	};
 	glPixelStorei(GL_PACK_ALIGNMENT, 1);
diff --git a/gfx/models/texture.h b/gfx/models/texture.h
index 8cb8128..d8c3b29 100644
--- a/gfx/models/texture.h
+++ b/gfx/models/texture.h
@@ -38,10 +38,10 @@ public:
 	static void saveDepth(const glTexture &, const char * path);
 	static void saveNormal(const glTexture &, const char * path);
 	static void savePosition(const glTexture &, const char * path);
+	static TextureDimensions getSize(const glTexture &);
 
 protected:
 	static void save(const glTexture &, GLenum, GLenum, uint8_t channels, const char * path, uint8_t tgaFormat);
-	static TextureAbsCoord getSize(const glTexture &);
 
 	glTexture m_texture;
 	GLenum type;
diff --git a/gfx/renderable.cpp b/gfx/renderable.cpp
index 0340189..3594968 100644
--- a/gfx/renderable.cpp
+++ b/gfx/renderable.cpp
@@ -9,3 +9,8 @@ void
 Renderable::shadows(const ShadowMapper &) const
 {
 }
+
+void
+Renderable::updateStencil(const ShadowStenciller &) const
+{
+}
diff --git a/gfx/renderable.h b/gfx/renderable.h
index e126fff..83522e3 100644
--- a/gfx/renderable.h
+++ b/gfx/renderable.h
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 
 class SceneShader;
 class ShadowMapper;
+class ShadowStenciller;
 
 class Renderable {
 public:
@@ -14,4 +15,6 @@ public:
 	virtual void render(const SceneShader & shader) const = 0;
 	virtual void lights(const SceneShader & shader) const;
 	virtual void shadows(const ShadowMapper & shadowMapper) const;
+
+	virtual void updateStencil(const ShadowStenciller & lightDir) const;
 };