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+# Building Ice for PHP on Windows
+
+This page describes how to build and install Ice for PHP from source code on Windows. If you prefer, you can also download [binary distributions](https://zeroc.com/download.html) for the supported platforms.
+
+## PHP Build Requirements
+
+### Operating Systems and Compilers
+
+Ice for PHP was extensively tested using the operating systems and compiler versions listed for our [supported platforms](https://zeroc.com/platforms_3_6_0.html).
+
+### Ice Development Kit
+
+You will need the Ice development kit for C++, which you can install as a binary distribution or compile from source yourself.
+
+## Building the PHP Extension
+
+The Ice installer for Windows includes a pre-compiled extension for PHP 5.6 built with Visual Studio 2012 (Visual C++ 11) and compatible with the "Thread-safe VC11" distribution of PHP available on [php.net](). We encourage you to use this extension if possible, together with a compatible Web server.
+
+> *The Apache binaries provided by the Apache Software Foundation are compiled with Visual C++ 6 and therefore are not compatible with the Ice for PHP extension included in our Windows installer. A VC11 build of Apache is available from alternate sources.*
+
+The most common motivation for compiling the Ice extension yourself is to create an extension that is compatible with your existing environment, such as when your Web server or PHP interpreter is built with a different compiler.
+
+To build the Ice extension, first download the PHP5 binary archive or Windows installer and install the distribution.
+
+You will also need to download and extract the PHP5 sources (Ice for PHP requires the PHP header files). Change to the PHP5 source directory and run the following commands:
+
+    > buildconf
+    > configure
+
+You do not need to actually build PHP from source, but these two steps are necessary to generate header files that are required by the Ice extension.
+
+If you have not built Ice for C++ from the ```cpp``` subdirectory then you need to set the ```ICE_HOME``` environment variable to the location of your Ice for C++ installation. For example:
+
+    > set ICE_HOME=C:\Ice
+
+Change to the Ice for PHP source directory:
+
+    > cd php
+
+Open ```config\Make.rules.mak.php```, review the comments, and make any necessary changes. In particular, you may need to change the values of ```PHP_HOME``` and ```PHP_BIN_HOME``` to refer to your PHP source and binary installations, respectively. If you compiled PHP from source, you should also review the setting of ```PHP_LIBDIR```. If you are using PHP 5.3 or later and wish to use PHP namespaces, set ```USE_NAMESPACES=yes```. Finally, if you are using a non-thread-safe PHP installation, set ```PHP_ZTS=no```.
+
+Run NMAKE to build the extension:
+
+    > nmake /f Makefile.mak
+
+Upon successful completion, the Ice for PHP extension is created as ```lib\php_ice.dll``` (Release) or ```lib\php_iced.dll``` (Debug).
+
+## Installing the PHP Extension
+
+To install the Ice extension, you must move the extension's shared library into PHP's extension directory. This directory is determined by the PHP configuration directive ```extension_dir```. You can determine the default value for this directive by running the command-line version of PHP with the ```-i``` option:
+
+    > php -i
+
+Review the output for a line like this:
+
+    extension_dir => C:\php5 => C:\php5
+
+The directive may also be set to a relative path, such as:
+
+    extension_dir => ./ => ./
+
+In the case of a relative path, the value is relative to the current working directory of the process. As a result, the working directory when running the command-line version of PHP will likely differ from the working directory when PHP is running as a Web server module. Using a typical installation of Apache as an example, the working directory is Apache's installation directory, therefore the extension must be copied to
+
+    \Program Files\Apache Software Foundation\Apache2.2
+
+Once you've copied the extension to the appropriate directory, you will need to enable the extension in your PHP configuration. First you must discover the location of PHP's configuration file (```php.ini```), which is also displayed by the ```-i``` option. Look for the following line:
+
+    Loaded Configuration File => C:\Program Files\PHP\php.ini
+
+If you used the Windows installer for PHP, your Web server's configuration may have already been modified to load PHP. You can also review your Web server's settings to discover the location of ```php.ini```. For example, PHP's Windows installer modifies Apache's configuration to add the following directives:
+
+    PHPIniDir "C:/Program Files/PHP/"
+    LoadModule php5_module "C:/Program Files/PHP/php5apache2_2.dll"
+
+The ```PHPIniDir``` directive specifies the directory containing the ```php.ini``` file.
+
+Open ```php.ini``` and append this directive:
+
+    extension = php_ice.dll
+
+Read the PHP Dependencies and PHP Source Files sections below for more information about installing the Ice extension.
+
+## PHP Dependencies
+
+PHP will need to be able to locate the libraries for the Ice run-time libraries and its third-party dependencies. On Windows, these DLLs are required:
+
+    ice36.dll
+    iceutil36.dll
+    slice36.dll
+    bzip2.dll
+
+In general, these libraries must reside in a directory of the user's PATH. For Web servers, the libraries may need to reside in a system directory. For example, on Windows you can copy the DLLs to the ```C:\WINDOWS\system32``` directory, or to the Apache installation directory.
+
+You can verify that the Ice extension is installed properly by examining the output of the ```php -m``` command, or by calling the ```phpInfo()``` function from a script. For example, you can create a file in the Web server's document directory containing the following PHP script:
+
+    <?php
+    phpInfo();
+    ?>
+
+Then start a browser window and open the URL corresponding to this script. If the Ice extension is successfully installed, you will see an ```ice``` section among the configuration information.
+
+Note that if you want to use IceSSL from the Ice extension, then PHP will also need access to the shared libraries for IceSSL and OpenSSL.
+
+## PHP Source Files
+
+In addition to the binary Ice extension module and its library dependencies, you will also need to make the Ice for PHP source files available to your scripts. These files are located in the ```lib``` subdirectory and consist of the Ice run time definitions (```Ice.php``` or ```Ice_ns.php```) along with PHP source files generated from the Slice files included in the Ice distribution.
+
+The Ice extension makes no assumptions about the location of these files, so you can install them anywhere you like. For example, you can simply include them in the same directory as your application scripts. Alternatively, if you prefer to install them in a common directory, you may need to modify PHP's ```include_path``` directive so that the PHP interpreter is able to locate these files. Another option is to modify the include path from within your script prior to including any Ice run-time file. Here is an example that assumes Ice is installed in ```C:\IcePHP```:
+
+    // PHP
+    ini_set('include_path',
+    ini_get('include_path') . PATH_SEPARATOR . 'C:/IcePHP');
+    require 'Ice.php'; // Load the core Ice run time definitions.
+
+## Running the PHP Tests
+
+The test subdirectory contains PHP implementations of the core Ice test suite. Python is required to run the test suite.
+
+The test suites require that the Ice for C++ tests be built in the ```cpp``` subdirectory of this source distribution. In addition, the scripts require that the CLI version of the PHP interpreter be available in your PATH.
+
+After a successful build, you can run the tests as follows:
+
+    $ python allTests.py
+
+If everything worked out, you should see lots of ```ok``` messages. In case of a failure, the tests abort with ```failed```.
+
+## Web Server Permissions
+
+The Web server normally runs in a special user account that may not necessarily have access to the Ice extension, its dependent libraries and PHP source files, and other resources such as Ice configuration and your application scripts. It is very important that you review the permissions of these files and verify that the Web server has sufficient access.
+
+For example, on Windows the Apache server typically runs as a service in the "Local System" account. You will need to modify the access rights of the aforementioned files to grant access to this account. In a command window, you can use the ```cacls``` utility to establish the appropriate access rights. Assuming that you have copied the Ice extension and dependent DLLs to Apache's installation directory, you can modify the access rights as shown below:
+
+    cd \Program Files\Apache Software Foundation\Apache2.2
+    cacls php_ice.dll /G SYSTEM:F Administrators:F
+    cacls bzip2.dll /G SYSTEM:F Administrators:F
+    ...